Most people, in North America at least, are familiar with derailleur type gearing on bicycles. Most mountain bikes and road bikes have derailleur gearing, which is characterized by multiple sprockets on the rear wheel and often on the crank, with moveable chain-guides (the derailleurs) which “derail” the chain by moving it sideways to engage with […]

Panasonic NCR lithium ion chemistry Our e-bikes use lithium-ion batteries. However, there are many available types of lithium-ion battery. Performance, cost, and safety characteristics differ depending on lithium-ion type. When evaluating new chemistries we find there is a lot of battery hype, so we rely heavily on in-house resistance-load and dynamometer tests to evaluate & compare candidates under […]

Bench-testing On this website and in our promotional literature we make reference to our use of bench- type testing to supplement field-testing. Although research and development engineers use such testing extensively, its value or even its significance may not be so obvious to everyone. The advantage of bench-scale simulated-service testing (relative to field testing) is […]